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misc: remove .clang
author David Demelier <markand@malikania.fr>
date Sun, 04 Feb 2024 15:24:37 +0100
parents 19782ea1cf4a
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1 # Error handling
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2
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3 How error handling is used within the API and the user code.
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4
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5 ## Synopsis
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6
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7 Error handling is always a complicated task in the software development. In
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8 Molko's Engine there is three kinds of errors:
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9
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10 1. Programming error.
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11 2. Recoverable error at runtime.
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12 3. Unexpected error at runtime.
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13
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14 ## About logs
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15
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16 By itself, the core API never write anything to stdout/stderr. Instead it uses
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17 the [trace][] and [panic][] functions which by default can write to the console,
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18 if this is undesired, you can replace both handlers to use your custom logs.
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19
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20 ## Kind of errors
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21
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22 ### Assertions
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23
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24 One of the easiest errors to detect are about programming errors. In the
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25 Molko's Engine API they are usually detected at runtime when you use a
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26 function with preconditions unmet. In that case standard C `assert` is used.
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27
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28 For example, it happens when you:
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29
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30 - Pass a NULL pointer where the function expects non-NULL,
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31 - Pass invalid arguments such as out of bounds indicies.
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32
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33 Always read carefully preconditions that are annotated through the
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34 documentation.
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35
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36 ### Recoverable errors
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37
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38 Next, come recoverable errors. Those arise when you may expect a failure from
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39 the API and can do something else.
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40
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41 For example, it happens when you:
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42
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43 - Open a font file that is invalid,
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44 - Open a music file that is no longer on the disk.
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45
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46 In these situations, the API indicates usually by a return code that the
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47 function was unable to complete correctly (and you can use error to retrieve
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48 the specified error). In some case, you *MUST* not ignore the return value
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49 because if the function takes an input as argument it will be kept untouched.
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50 For example, the texture_new function may fail to create a texture and in that
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51 case it is left untouched.
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52
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53 ### Unexpected errors
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54
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55 Finally, come what we call unexpected errors. Those happen while they are not
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56 supposed to.
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57
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58 For example, it happens when there is a severe issue either in the kernel,
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59 graphics or any other library that aren't raised by the API itself.
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60
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61 This includes (but not limited to):
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62
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63 - A rendering error (caused by an internal issue).
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64
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65 In these situations, the API calls the function panic which definitely calls
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66 the panic_handler. The default implementation prints an error and exit with a
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67 code of 1. User may pass a custom function but should quit the game because the
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68 API does not take care of deallocating data before calling panic.
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69
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70 ## Error handling in Molko's Engine API
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71
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72 The following table shows what is used and when.
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74 | | `assert` | Booleans | panic | Notes |
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75 |-------------|--------------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
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76 | libmlk-core | Programming errors | As much as possible | Only in memory utilities from util.h | Never called from libcore itself. |
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77 | libmlk-ui | Programming errors | When applicable | Mostly in rendering errors | None. |
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78 | libmlk-rpg | Programming errors | When applicable | Mostly in rendering errors | None. |
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80 [panic]: api/core/panic.md
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81 [trace]: api/core/trace.md